Double stage sediment tester



M y 5, 1954 'r. J. CLAYDON ETAL ,67 ,158

DOUBLE STAGE SEDIMENT TESTER Filed Jan. 16, 1951 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 \\\\ww W2 3 2 g:\ t o INVENTORS Q THOMAS J. CLAYDON 1 8- JACOB J. SMALTZ ATTORNEYS y 25, 1954 T. J., CLAYDON ET'AL 2,679,153

DOUBLE STAGE SEDIMENT TESTER Filed Jan. 16, 1951 2 Sheets $heet 2 L INVENTORS. Tl-fi ms J.CLAYDO'N a.

JACOB J. SMALTZ By M ATTORNEYS Patented May 25, 1954 ENT orrioe.

DOUBLE STAGE SEDIMENT unseen Thomas J. Cl'aydon and Jacob J. Smaltz, Man

hattan, Kans.,= assignors to Research- Corporation, New York, Y., a corporation of New York ; Application January 16, 195i, Serial No. 206,265

(:.- re -e1) 3 Claims.

This invention relates to filters in particu lar to an improvement in double stage filters.

It is the principal object of the invention to provide' a double stage filter for sediment testers.

In many of the food industries, the testing of raw materials for extraneous materials as ameasure of quality has become almost mandatory.

This is particularly true in the dairy industry wherein sediment testing or" raw milk and cream from many individual producers is necessary before processing: of the dairy products can begin. While the sediment testingof milk and cream generally does not present any marked difiiculty', this is'not the case. with sourcre'am and somefinished dairy products, suchas for example; cheese and ice cream. Even after treatment of such mate'- rial's with suitable reagents to put th bulk of the material intosolution, considerable difficulties are experienced. This slows downplants handlingand manufacturing such products and discourages adequate sediment testing procedures.

It is, therefore. one of the objects of the present invention to' provide a double-stagesediment t'ester including a relatively coarse filter element toremovel'arger particles, such as curds and slime, and a second standard filter element. We have found that this improvement givesmuch more rapid filtering of the materials to he tested and also permitsthesatisfactorytestingof many materials that fail topass through the usual sedinient tester, even when a vacuum or air pressure is employed to expedite filtration.

A further object-is to provide such a filter emplo ing-means iar-readily removing and changing the filter medium inorder toexamine-the nature of theextraneous-materialcoll'ected on the filters.

We have further found that through the use ofdoub'l'e stage filtration, it ispossible-to detect 7 extraneous material not detectable by the single filtermethod's: heretofore employed, thereby givingmore accuratetest information.

A furtherobject of thei'nvention is to provide a double stage continuous type filter that is simple as toitsparts, easy t'oope'rate and inexpensiyeto manufacture;

These and other-obj acts and advantages of the invention are obtainedby 'the filter ofthe inventienw-hich generally comprises means defining a conduit for a' liquid substance to be tested and support means-associated-with theconduit means to guide at" least two spaced removable filterelements into transverse: position across the conduit.

The; invention will be more particularly described with reference to the illustrative embodi mentsof'th'einventionin which? Fig. l is a perspective-view or a two stage (5611-. tinuous filter embodying the principles of the iiivention employing continuous sheet filter me: diums;

Fig. 2" is a fragmentary side elevation of the filter shown in Fig. 1'; 3 is aside elevation similar toFig. 2' with a portionof the support tube broken away to show more clearlythearrangenient of, and support els meets for, the filter mediums;

Figs. l and 5 are fragmentary views or the double filter carrier;

Fig. 6 is a perspectiveview ofa modified forhi of the filter of the invention showing a double a stageindivi'dual filter carrier;

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary side elevation of a por tion of the filter shown in Fig. 6';

Fig. 8' is a side elevation similar to-F'ig. with a portion of the support tube broken awayto-show more clearly the filter stop and su port screen;

and

Figs. 9- through' 1-1 show cloublestage individual filter elements adapted to" be used in thedevice shown in Figs. 6, 7 and: 8;

With reference to the drawing and in particm lar to Figs; 1 through 5 leis a double stag'econti-nuous tape-filter, generally comprising a funnel l2; funnel section M1- filt'er section It, disoha'rge section I8; filterroll 20 and filter'roll'suppert 2?.

Thefunnel; funnel section; filter section,

charge section and filter roll support may be constructed of any suitable-material suclr a's'metal, plasticor glass; or any combination of" such mate rials. 7 It is, however, advantageous to employm'a' terials Which are'r'elativelyinert suchas stainless steelsor glass tosulo'stantially' eliminate-corrosion and to facilitate keeping the" device clean;

The'fi'lter'section ['6' in the-illustrated formof the invention comprises a metallic coupling 21 provided with internallythreadedupperandlower portions and 28, extending substantially from the topand bottom of'thec'oupling inwardlyto'a center portion 34 which-separates'a' pair oft'rans verse arcuat'eslots' 3D and 325 In'the preferred embodiment, t-liecent'erportion 35 has an inside diameter equal to'that of the funn'el anddischarge-sections M. and" f8. Witliih'the filtersection, a circular screen 36' is secureli't'o the coupling at the top" peripheral margin of the centerportion 36", as more" clearlysh'own in Figs. 3 and 5 of thedrawings'l The lower end of funnel section it and. the upper end offdiscl'iarge section H! are provided with threaded. portions 3'? and" 41!, respectively. The length of" each or these" threaded portions is such as to permit each section to be screwed into the coupling, to the top and bottom of the center portion 34, respectively.

A screen '12, similar to screen 36, is secured to the top peripheral margin of discharge section I8. These screens 56 and 42 as will be hereinafter described aid in supporting the two filter elements of the filter.

A filter roll support 22 is carried by the filter section I6, and comprises a band-like structure having sides 44 and 46 and an end member 58. The band is secured to the coupling 24, for example, by machine screws 55. Corresponding slots 52 and 54 are provided at one end of the support side members and are adapted to receive a compound roll of filter material, while at the other end a roller or pin 56 is journalled between the sides 44 and d5. This roller aids in keeping the filter elements separated after leaving the filter section of the device.

In operation, the sediment tester shown in Figs. 1 through 5 is assembled by screwing the funnel and discharge sections a substantial distance into the filter section I6. Next a roll of filter material is placed on the support 22. The roll consists of a compound Winding of an upper or preliminary filter element 53 which may be of open mesh organdy material and a lower or standard filter element 60. The ends of tape filters 58 and 6B are fed through slots 30 and 52 of the filter section, respectively.

The lower tape filter is held tightly in place by screwing the discharge section I5 and its screen member 52 inwardly until the lower filter tape is held by screen 42 and the upper end of the discharge section against the bottom of the center portion 34 of the coupling. Similarly the preliminary filter tape 53 is secured between the upper end ofcenter portion 34 and its screen 36 and the lower end of funnel section I4 by screwing the funnel section tightly into the coupling. The tester as assembled is placed on a milk can or other container which serves as a waste tank. The prepared sample is poured into the funnel, and where desired, a vacuum applied to the waste container. After filtering, the vacuum, if em ployed, is released, sections I4 and E8 of the filter are loosened and tapes 58 and 60 pulled through the slots 30 and 32 to a new position and again tightened in place. After each or several tests have been made, they are out from the tapes and mounted in accordance with the ordinary procedure for mounting single tape test samples.

With reference to Figs. 6 through 11 of the drawings, there is shown a modified form of the invention comprising generally a double stage individual filter carrier having a funnel I I2, funnel section H I, filter section H6, discharge section I I8 and filter guide and stop I20.

The funnel, funnel section, filter section, discharge section and filter stop may be constructed of any suitable material as hereinbefore more fully described with reference to the continuous type sediment tester shown in Figs. 1 through 5 of the drawings.

The filter section II 6 comprises a centrally fianged coupling I2 3 provided with internally threaded upper and lower portions I26 and I28, extending substantially from the top and bottom of the coupling inwardly to a transverse aroucus slot I30 in the central flange I32 of the coupling.

The lower end of funnel section H4 and the upper end of discharge section H8 are provided with threaded portions I38 and I40, respectively.

4 The lengths of each of these threaded portions are such as to permit each section to be screwed into the coupling to the top and bottom of the slot I30.

A screen I42, adapted to aid in the support of the filter medium, is secured to the top peripheral margin of discharge section H8, as more clearly shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings.

The filter guide and stop I is carried, for example, by spring action by the filter section at the lower end of central flange I32.

One form of filter adapted to be used in the apparatus of the invention is shown in Figs. 9 through 11, Fig. 9 being a perspective view of the assembled filter, Fig. 10 a perspective view of the assembled filter in partially open aspect, and Fig. 11 an exploded sectional view of the elements of the filter in their assembled relationships. The filter therein shown comprises a cardboard or the like support I folded upon itself at I52 to form a support I5 5 for the preliminary filter element I56 which may be of open mesh organdy material and a heavy paper gasket or spacer I51 and a support I58 for the lower or standard filter element I60.

Centrally disposed in each support I55 and I58 and in the spacer I5I are holes I62, I63 and I65, respectively. The filter card is assembled by stapling, or securing by means of waterproof adhesive, the preliminary filter element I55 and the spacer I5! beneath the circular opening in support I54, and the standard filter element I59 beneath the circular opening in support I56, in the arrangement shown in Fig. 11. The unfolded end of the support card I50 may then be stapled together for convenience in handling.

In operation, the sediment tester shown in Figs. 6 through 8 is assembled by screwing the funnel section a substantial distance into the top of filter section Ht and the upper end of discharge section H8 into the lower portion of section I I6 until the screen I42 is flush with the bottom of slot Elm. Next a filter card is inserted into slot I38 with the preliminary filter element i56 upward 3 until one end of card I55 engages the filter stops.

The card with the filter elements attached is then held tightly in place by screwing the funnel section inwardly until the card is held between screen I42 and the lower end of the funnel section.

The tester a assembled is placed on a milk can or other container which serves as a waste tank. The prepared sample is poured into the funnel, and, where advantageous, a vacuum is applied to the waste container. After filtering, the vacuum, if employed, is released and section II 4 of the filter is loosened and the filter card withdrawn.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that a double stage filter, adapted to receive a relatively coarse filter element to remove larger particles, and a second standard filter element, is provided whereby the aims, objects and advantages of the invention are fully accomplished.

It will be evident that various modifications may be made in the construction of the device and in the form of the apparatus, and that ordinary single filter elements may be used with the device of the invention or that the continuous tape type and the individual card filters may be used interchangeably in each form of the invention. For example in the device shown in Figs. 1 through 5, a single filter element or tape or the double stage filter card I58 could be inserted in slot 30 of the filter section It, and slot 32 closed by screwing the discharge section It inwardly against the bottom 01" the center portion 54 of the coupling.

aei'aise' We claim: 1. A sediment tester comprising a funnel section, a filter section, and a discharge section con nected in axial alignment to form a single conduit, said filter section having two spaced transverse slots therethrough, said funnel section and said discharge section being longitudinally ad justable toward and away from the transverse slots in the filter section, support means carried by the filter section adjacent the transverse slots adapted to support a roll of filter material having two tapes in closely compound wound substantially spiral configuration, and transverse perforate filter support means extending across the filter section immediately below each of the transverse slots.

2. A sediment tester comprising a filter section having two spaced transverse slots therethrough, a funnel section and a discharge section threadably engaging the filter section and in axial alignment therewith to form a single conduit, whereby the funnel section and the discharge section are longitudinally adjustable toward and away from the transverse slot in the filter section, support means carried by the filter section adjacent the transverse slots adapted to support a roll of filter material having two tapes in closely compound wound substantially spiral configuration, and transverse perforate filter support means extending across the filter section immediately below each of the transverse slots.

3. A sediment tester comprising a funnel section, a filter section, and a discharge section connected in axial alignment to form a single conduit, support means carried by the filter section to guide a filter medium comprising at least two filter elements into transverse position across the filter section, said funnel section and said discharge section being longitudinally adjustable toward and away from the filter elements when in spaced transverse position acros the filter secticn, and transverse perforate support means for the filter elements in the filter section.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 727,145 Johnson May 5, 1903 758,150 Schilling Apr. 26, 1904 794,631 Milne July 11, 1905 945,632 Strahl Jan. 4, 1910 1,139,513 Gessner May 18, 1915 1,307,677 Konkle June 24, 1919 1,606,647 McCutcheon Nov. 9, 1926 1,713,478 Michel May 14, 1929 1,720,384 Smith July 9, 1929 1,837,368 Medin Dec. 22, 1931 2,058,587 Hinman Oct. 27, 1936 2,177,060 Drew Oct. 24, 1939 2,225,984 Erekson Dec. 24, 1940 2,368,145 Klazkin et a1. Jan. 30, 1945 2,488,726 Judkins Nov. 22, 1949 2,515,522 Lucas July 18, 1950 

